JOHN FENZEL

The Tomb of Jesus of Nazareth? ...Not Likely.

Was this the tomb of Jesus of Nazareth? Discovery has provided an interactive site that allows us to explore the tomb and discuss our opinions with experts. Of course, given the stated odds and statistics cited, all of this begs the question of whether the names of those buried in this tomb--Jesus, Mary, Matthew, Joseph, Mary Magdalene...and a sixth inscription, written in Aramaic, that translates to "Judah Son of Jesus"--are a coincidence...or not?

With James Cameron leading the charge on this ("It doesn't get bigger than this....") and only scant mitochondrial DNA samples from two of the ossuaries (no DNA from any of the bones taken, or supporting analyis of the bones offered), and an over-reliance on statistics to make their case...well, you can count me as an extreme sceptic.

UPDATE: Jay Cost in his Real Clear Politics Column, provides the best rebuttal to the documentary's claims I've yet seen in his post "Examining the 'Jesus Tomb' Evidence." Here is an excerpt from Cost's analysis:

The documentarians' claim is not valid. The Cameron-sponsored Jesus Family Tomb proffers a specious claim based upon bad theory, bad statistics, and bad history. A careful examination of their evidence demands that their claim be rejected....

Scientific method demands a careful, systematic weighing of all the evidence, for and against. The documentarians have not done this. They have systematically ignored the unfavorable evidence: (1) they ignored those who should not be in the tomb, (2) they did not properly consider those who should be in the tomb; (3) they ignored the strong likelihood that Jesus could not be buried in the tomb. Their method is essentially, "Evidence that favors the theory is included. The rest is excluded."

This is how a freak accident becomes a sure thing.

What they offer here is not science, but pseudo-science -- polemic dressed in scientific language. Numbers and "tests" are trotted out, but only for the sake of appearance. The hypothesis is never actually in danger because the falsifying evidence is excised before the evaluation begins. In other words, the rules of the game are: heads they win, tails you lose. The game was rigged from the start.

Here is the Discovery article

Here is the Interactive Site

New York Time Article: "Crypt Held Bodies of Jesus and Family, Film Says"

This article from David Harovitz in the Jerusalem Post provides one of the better counterpoints to these two decade old claims (my emphasis added):

New film claims Jesus buried in Talpiot
By DAVID HOROVITZ
Feb. 25, 2007 0:25

The Israeli-born, Canadian-based filmmaker Simcha Jacobovici is reigniting claims, first made over a decade ago, that a burial cave uncovered 27 years ago in Talpiot, Jerusalem, is the tomb of Jesus of Nazareth and his family.

At a press conference in New York on Monday, the two-time Emmy winner Jacobovici and his team - including Hollywood director James Cameron - will detail claims that of 10 ossuaries found in the cave when it was discovered in 1980, six bear inscriptions identifying them as those of Jesus, his mother Mary, a second Mary (possibly Mary Magdalene), and relatives Matthew, Josa and Judah (possibly Jesus's son).

Their documentary will be screened this week in the US, UK, on Channel 8 in Israel and around the world. The producers are said to have worked on the project with world-renowned archeologists, statisticians and DNA specialists.

But Bar-Ilan University Prof. Amos Kloner, the Jerusalem District archeologist who officially oversaw the work at the tomb in 1980 and has published detailed findings on its contents, on Saturday night dismissed the claims. "It makes a great story for a TV film," he told The Jerusalem Post. "But it's impossible. It's nonsense."

Kloner, who said he was interviewed for the new film but has not seen it, said the names found on the ossuaries were common, and the fact that such apparently resonant names had been found together was of no significance. He added that "Jesus son of Joseph" inscriptions had been found on several other ossuaries over the years.

"There is no likelihood that Jesus and his relatives had a family tomb," Kloner said. "They were a Galilee family with no ties in Jerusalem. The Talpiot tomb belonged to a middle-class family from the 1st century CE."

A spokeswoman for the Israel Antiquities Authority had no comment herself on the documentary and referred inquiries to Kloner, who no longer works for the IAA.

The spokeswoman did say, however, that the IAA has loaned out two of the ossuaries that were found in the Talpiot tomb for display by the filmmakers at Monday's New York press conference. She said it was a routine procedure to lend out such artifacts provided the borrowers complied with the necessary handling, transport and insurance requirements and that it did not signal any IAA authentication of claims made in the documentary.

Kloner said the IAA had been "very foolish" to agree to the loan. "The left hand there doesn't know what the right hand is doing," he said.

The Daily Telegraph reported this weekend that the 10 ossuaries removed from the tomb when it was first excavated "were taken initially to the Rockefeller Archaeological Museum outside the Old City of Jerusalem. Nine were catalogued and stored but the tenth was left outside in a courtyard. That ossuary has subsequently gone missing."

But Kloner said the IAA routinely left ossuaries in the courtyard if they were not inscribed and were unremarkable, since it had no room for them all "under our roofs." He added: "Nothing has disappeared."

The Jacobovici documentary comes more than 10 years after similar speculation about the so-called Jesus family tomb made world headlines, prompting a London Sunday Times feature entitled "The Tomb that Dare Not Speak Its Name" and a BBC documentary.

The assertion that the ossuaries found in the Talpiot tomb were those of Jesus of Nazareth and family members was branded by The Sunday Times at the time as an archeological discovery "that challenges the very basis of Christianity."

The makers of the documentary are refusing to discuss its content prior to their New York press conference.


Here is the Associated Press article reporting along the same lines....

Scholars, Clergy Slam Jesus Documentary

By MARSHALL THOMPSON
Associated Press Writer
Feb 26 1:04 PM US/Eastern

JERUSALEM (AP) -- Archaeologists and clergymen in the Holy Land derided claims in a new documentary produced by James Cameron that contradict major Christian tenets, but the Oscar-winning director said the evidence was based on sound statistics.

"The Lost Tomb of Christ," which the Discovery Channel will run on March 4, argues that 10 ancient ossuaries _ small caskets used to store bones _ discovered in a suburb of Jerusalem in 1980 may have contained the bones of Jesus and his family, according to a press release issued by the Discovery Channel.

One of the caskets even bears the title, "Judah, son of Jesus," hinting that Jesus may have had a son, according to the documentary. And the very fact that Jesus had an ossuary would contradict the Christian belief that he was resurrected and ascended to heaven.

Cameron told NBC'S "Today" show that statisticians found "in the range of a couple of million to one in favor of it being them." Simcha Jacobovici, the Toronto filmmaker who directed the documentary, said the implications "are huge."

"But they're not necessarily the implications people think they are. For example, some believers are going to say, well this challenges the resurrection. I don't know why, if Jesus rose from one tomb, he couldn't have risen from the other tomb," Jacobovici told "Today."

Most Christians believe Jesus' body spent three days at the site of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem's Old City. The burial site identified in Cameron's documentary is in a southern Jerusalem neighborhood nowhere near the church.

In 1996, when the British Broadcasting Corp. aired a short documentary on the same subject, archaeologists challenged the claims. Amos Kloner, the first archaeologist to examine the site, said the idea fails to hold up by archaeological standards but makes for profitable television.

"They just want to get money for it," Kloner said.

Cameron said his critics should withhold comment until they see his film.

"I'm not a theologist. I'm not an archaeologist. I'm a documentary film maker," he said.

The film's claims, however, have raised the ire of Christian leaders in the Holy Land.

"The historical, religious and archaeological evidence show that the place where Christ was buried is the Church of the Resurrection," said Attallah Hana, a Greek Orthodox clergyman in Jerusalem. The documentary, he said, "contradicts the religious principles and the historic and spiritual principles that we hold tightly to."

Stephen Pfann, a biblical scholar at the University of the Holy Land in Jerusalem who was interviewed in the documentary, said the film's hypothesis holds little weight.

"I don't think that Christians are going to buy into this," Pfann said. "But skeptics, in general, would like to see something that pokes holes into the story that so many people hold dear."

"How possible is it?" Pfann said. "On a scale of one through 10 _ 10 being completely possible _ it's probably a one, maybe a one and a half."

Pfann is even unsure that the name "Jesus" on the caskets was read correctly. He thinks it's more likely the name "Hanun." Ancient Semitic script is notoriously difficult to decipher.

Kloner also said the filmmakers' assertions are false.

"It was an ordinary middle-class Jerusalem burial cave," Kloner said. "The names on the caskets are the most common names found among Jews at the time."

Archaeologists also balk at the filmmaker's claim that the James Ossuary _ the center of a famous antiquities fraud in Israel _ might have originated from the same cave. In 2005, Israel charged five suspects with forgery in connection with the infamous bone box.

"I don't think the James Ossuary came from the same cave," said Dan Bahat, an archaeologist at Bar-Ilan University. "If it were found there, the man who made the forgery would have taken something better. He would have taken Jesus."

None of the experts interviewed by The Associated Press had seen the whole documentary.

Jihad Timetable

Dr. Patrick Sookhdeo, an acclaimed British expert on Islam, professor at the British Defense College (he's also an Anglican Priest and a former Muslim) outlines radical Islam's timetable for the Jihad. Their goal, he says, is the restoration of the Muslim empire, or caliphate, that achieved the height of its power during the 16th Century. Radical Islam claims that empire was ended by European colonialism in 1923. "All land conquered by force beome the God-given property of the Muslim community as a whole for all eternity," Dr. Sookhdeo said, explaining the Islamic extremist view. "If such lands are lost, it's imperative that they are restored to the Muslim community." Dr. Sookhdeo believes Al Qaeda plans to establish the caliphate in 2016. At that point, he says, the jihad (or "struggle") begins "to restore Islam's glory, power and dominion and to create a universal Islamic state. This 'state' would be ruled under the Shari'a or God's religious law."

2000 to 2003: Provoke the West into Conflict

2003 to 2006: Period of Recruitment

2007 to 2010: Spread of Attack Throughout the Middle East, and Against Israel

2010 to 2013: Collapse of Governments in teh Middle East and End of Western Influence in the Region

2013 to 2016: Declaration of Caliphate. Finally a Period of "Total Confrontation" Between Muslims and Non-Muslims.

Dr. Sookhdeo said that today half of the failed states in the world have a Muslim majority. Further complicating matters is that these failed states have a distorted view of the western culture. These distortions are creating fertile ground for Islamic extremism. He proposes several solutions to combat this trend:

-Supporting the liberal and secular minority who are trying to reform Islam.

-Encourage Muslim states to tackle the theological, ideological and social problems that breed terrorism.

-Push mainstream Islam to suppress the potential for violence and oppression.

"Those involved in strategic and tactical planning must focus not only on the radical Islamic terror groups, but use the whole plethora of information on Islamic theology, history and contemporary development."

Here is the Wikipedia entry on Patrick Sookhdeo

Source: U.S. Special Operations Command's Tip of the Spear Magazine

The Psychology Behind Suicide Bombings

The Psychology Behind Suicide Bombings

By Pierre Rehov, documentary filmmaker

On July 15, MSNBC's "Connected" program discussed the July 7th London attacks. One of the guests was Pierre Rehov, a French filmmaker who has filmed six documentaries on the intifada by going undercover in the Palestinian areas. Pierre's upcoming film, "Suicide Killers," is based on interviews that he conducted with the families of suicide bombers and would-be bombers in an attempt to find out why they do it. Pierre agreed to a request for a Q&A interview here about his work on the new film.

Q - What inspired you to produce "Suicide Killers," your seventh film?

A - I started working with victims of suicide attacks to make a film on PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) when I became fascinated with the personalities of those who had committed those crimes, as they were described again and again by their victims. Especially the fact that suicide bombers are all smiling one second before they blow themselves up.

Q - Why is this film especially important?

A - People don't understand the devastating culture behind this unbelievable phenomenon. My film is not politically correct because it addresses the real problem, showing the real face of Islam. It points the finger against a culture of hatred in which the uneducated are brainwashed to a level where their only solution in life becomes to kill themselves and kill others in the name of a God whose word, as transmitted by other men, has become their only certitude.

Q - What insights did you gain from making this film? What do you know that other experts do not know?

A - I came to the conclusion that we are facing a neurosis at the level of an entire civilization. Most neuroses have in common a dramatic event, generally linked to an unacceptable sexual behavior. In this case, we are talking of kids living all their lives in pure frustration, with no opportunity to experience sex, love, tenderness or even understanding from the opposite sex. The separation between men and women in Islam is absolute. So is contempt toward women, who are totally dominated by men. This leads to a situation of pure anxiety, in which normal behavior is not possible. It is no coincidence that suicide killers are mostly young men dominated subconsciously by an overwhelming libido that they not only cannot satisfy but are afraid of, as if it is the work of the devil.

Since Islam describes heaven as a place where everything on Earth will finally be allowed, and promises 72 virgins to those frustrated kids, killing others and killing themselves to reach this redemption becomes their only solution.

Q - What was it like to interview would-be suicide bombers, their families and survivors of suicide bombings?

A - It was a fascinating and a terrifying experience. You are dealing with seemingly normal people with very nice manners who have their own logic, which to a certain extent can make sense since they are so convinced that what they say is true. It is like dealing with pure craziness, like interviewing people in an asylum, since what they say, is for them, the absolute truth. I hear a mother saying "Thank God, my son is dead." Her son had became a shaheed, a martyr, which for her was a greater source of pride than if he had became an engineer, a doctor or a winner of the Nobel Prize.

This system of values works completely backwards since their interpretation of Islam worships death much more than life. You are facing people whose only dream, only achievement goal is to fulfill what they believe to be their destiny, namely to be a Shaheed or the family of a shaheed.

They don't see the innocent being killed, they only see the impure that they have to destroy.

Q - You say suicide bombers experience a moment of absolute power, beyond punishment. Is death the ultimate power?

A - Not death as an end, but death as a door opener to the after life. They are seeking the reward that God has promised them. They work for God, the ultimate authority, above all human laws. They therefore experience this single delusional second of absolute power, where nothing bad can ever happen to them, since they become God's sword.

Q - Is there a suicide bomber personality profile? Describe the psychopathology.

A - Generally kids between 15 and 25 bearing a lot of complexes, generally inferiority complexes. They must have been fed with religion. They usually have a lack of developed personality. Usually they are impressionable idealists. In the western world they would easily have become drug addicts, but not criminals. Interestingly, they are not criminals since they don't see good and evil the same way that we do. If they had been raised in an Occidental culture, they would have hated violence. But they constantly battle against their own death anxiety. The only solution to this deep-seated pathology is to be willing to die and be rewarded in the afterlife in Paradise.

Q - Are suicide bombers principally motivated by religious conviction?

A - Yes, it is their only conviction. They don't act to gain a territory or to find freedom or even dignity. They only follow Allah, the supreme judge, and what He tells them to do.

Q - Do all Muslims interpret jihad and martyrdom in the same way?

A - All Muslim believers believe that, ultimately, Islam will prevail on earth. They believe this is the only true religion and there is no room, in their mind, for interpretation. The main difference between moderate Muslims and extremists is that moderate Muslims don't think they will see the absolute victory of Islam during their lifetime, therefore they respect other beliefs. The extremists believe that the fulfillment of the Prophecy of Islam and ruling the entire world as described in the Koran, is for today. Each victory of Bin Laden convinces 20 million moderate Muslims to become extremists.

Q - Describe the culture that manufactures suicide bombers.

A - Oppression, lack of freedom, brain washing, organized poverty, placing God in charge of daily life, total separation between men and women, forbidding sex, giving women no power whatsoever, and placing men in charge of family honor, which is mainly connected to their women's behavior.

Q - What socio-economic forces support the perpetuation of suicide bombings?

A - Muslim charity is usually a cover for supporting terrorist organizations. But one has also to look at countries like Pakistan, Saudi Arabia and Iran, which are also supporting the same organizations through different networks. The ironic thing in the case of Palestinian suicide bombers is that most of the money comes through financial support from the Occidental world, donated to a culture that utterly hates and rejects the West (mainly symbolized by Israel).

Q - Is there a financial support network for the families of the suicide bombers? If so, who is paying them and how does that affect the decision?

A - There used to be a financial incentive in the days of Saddam Hussein ($25,000 per family) and Yasser Arafat (smaller amounts), but these days are gone. It is a mistake to believe that these families would sacrifice their children for money. Although, the children themselves who are very attached to their families, might find in this financial support another reason to become suicide bombers. It is like buying a life insurance policy and then committing suicide.

Q - Why are so many suicide bombers young men?

A - As discussed above, libido is paramount. Also ego, because this is a sure way to become a hero. The shaheeds are the cowboys or the firemen of Islam. Shaheed is a positively reinforced value in this culture. And what kid has never dreamed of becoming a cowboy or a fireman?

Q - What role does the U.N. play in the terrorist equation?

A - The U.N. is in the hands of Arab countries and third world or ex-communist countries. Their hands are tied. The U.N. has condemned Israel more than any other country in the world, including the regime of Castro, Idi Amin or Kaddahfi. By behaving this way, the U.N. leaves a door open by not openly condemning terrorist organizations. In addition, through UNRWA, the U.N. is directly tied to terror organizations such as Hamas, representing 65 percent of their apparatus in the so-called Palestinian refugee camps. As a support to Arab countries, the U.N. has maintained Palestinians in camps with the hope to "return" into Israel for more than 50 years, therefore making it impossible to settle those populations, which still live in deplorable conditions. Four hundred million dollars are spent every year, mainly financed by U.S. taxes, to support 23,000 employees of UNRWA, many of whom belong to terrorist organizations (see Congressman Eric Cantor on this subject, and in my film "Hostages of Hatred").

Q - You say that a suicide bomber is a 'stupid bomb and a smart bomb' simultaneously. Explain what you mean.

A - Unlike an electronic device, a suicide killer has until the last second the capacity to change his mind. In reality, he is nothing but a platform representing interests which are not his, but he doesn't know it.

Q - How can we put an end to the madness of suicide bombings and terrorism in general?

A - Stop being politically correct and stop believing that this culture is a victim of ours. Radical Islamism today is nothing but a new form of Naziism. Nobody was trying to justify or excuse Hitler in the 1930s. We had to defeat him in order to make peace one day with the German people.

Q - Are these men traveling outside their native areas in large numbers? Based on your research, would you predict that we are beginning to see a new wave of suicide bombings outside the Middle East?

A - Every successful terror attack is considered a victory by the radical Islamists. Everywhere Islam expands there is regional conflict. Right now, there are thousands of candidates for martyrdom lining up in training camps in Bosnia, Afghanistan and Pakistan. Inside Europe, hundreds of illegal mosques are preparing the next step of brain washing to lost young men who cannot find a satisfying identity in the Occidental world. Israel is much more prepared for this than the rest of the world will ever be. Yes, there will be more suicide killings in Europe and the U.S. Sadly, this is only the beginning.

Pierre Rehov's Website

AP: Pope makes Christmas Appeal for Children

Pope makes Christmas Appeal for Children
By FRANCES D'EMILIO, Associated Press Writer
1 hour, 36 minutes ago

Pope Benedict XVI celebrated Christmas Midnight Mass in the splendor of St. Peter's Basilica early Monday with an appeal for abused children around the world, including child soldiers, beggars and others deprived of sustenance and love.

"The child of Bethlehem directs our gaze toward all children who suffer and are abused in the world, the born and the unborn," Benedict said in his homily, referring to the church's stand against abortion.

In celebrating Jesus' birth, he said people should direct their thoughts toward children forced to serve "as soldiers in a violent world, toward children who have to beg, toward children who suffer deprivation and hunger, toward children who are unloved.

"Let us pray this night that the brightness of God's love may enfold all these children," the pontiff said. "Let us ask God to help us do our part so that the dignity of children may be respected."

Earlier, the pope used his weekly Sunday blessing to ask the world to overcome prejudice, while some Christians celebrated amid heightened security due to the threat of terror attacks.

Peace on earth seemed a distant dream this Christmas. Police guarded churches in Pakistan and Indonesia, and in Bethlehem, there were no Christmas carols this year.

Queen Elizabeth II sent a special Christmas message to British troops overseas, telling them "your courage and loyalty are not lightly taken" amid mounting losses in Iraq and Afghanistan.

The pope began the Midnight Mass, broadcast to 44 nations, with a call for peace in Latin: "Pax vobis" ("Peace be with you). The faithful responded: "Et cum spiritu tuo." ("And also with you.")

To symbolize the worldwide reach of the Roman Catholic Church, children in native costumes from around the world -- including Korea, Poland and Burkina Faso -- brought flowers to a figure of the Baby Jesus near the altar.

Benedict told worshippers to "not forget the true gift: to give each others something of ourselves, to give each other something of our time, to open our time to God."

Christmas gift-giving also means giving to those who cannot give anything back, he said.

"This is what God has done," the pontiff said.

Twelve hours after the solemn ceremony, the 79-year-old Benedict was scheduled to deliver the traditional "Urbi et Orbi" speech — Latin for "to the city and to the world" — to a crowd expected to number in the tens of thousands in St. Peter's Square.

His predecessor, Pope John Paul II, used this traditional Christmas Day message to review progress and setbacks for humanity.

Wearing gold-colored vestments, smiling at the faithful and raising a hand in blessing, Benedict strode up the main aisle to take his place on the central altar, which was decorated with red poinsettia flowers. He walked around the altar, sprinkling incense.

Earlier, Benedict delivered his weekly Sunday blessing to a crowd of pilgrims and tourists gathering in St. Peter's Square, waiting for midnight Mass.

Speaking from a window overlooking the square, the pope said people should strive to "overcome preconceived ideas and prejudices, tear down barriers and eliminate contrasts that divide — or worse — set individuals and peoples against each other, so as to build together a world of justice and peace."

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Two Enemies

You may not have heard of Rabbi Arnold E. Resnicoff, but if you get the opportunity to listen to him speak, you should go out of your way to do so. His military career began as a line officer in the rivers of the Mekong Delta, followed by assignments with Naval Intelligence in Europe. As a Navy chaplain, Resnicoff was present in Beirut, Lebanon during the 1983 truck-bomb attack that claimed the lives of 241 U.S. Marines. He was asked by then Vice-President George Bush to send a report of the attack and rescue effort to the White House. I've had the privilege of listening to Chaplain Resnicoff on several occasions. His message is at once both powerful and extremely poignant. He's given many speeches to a wide variety of audiences over many years--and every time his audience is transfixed, and leaves with their perspectives forever changed. Here is one of those speeches.

December 2001

Rules For Our Sake, Not For Our Enemies
Arnold E. Resnicoff

In the past, even assassins had rules. When Russian revolutionaries went to bomb Grand Duke Sergei, a Czarist official, the plan was aborted because his children were with him. In The Just Assasins, Camus' play based on that incident, one terrorist explains, "Even in destruction, there's a right way and a wrong way--and there are limits." For terrorists today, there's no wrong way, and no limits.
Fighting fire with fire is a natural response--but that's what the terrorists want. They want their philosophy validated: the ends justify the means. And they want to manipulate our response. When terrorists linked to the National Liberation Front in Algeria made plans to blow up a school bus in Algeria, French image, not French children, was the target. And when all the non-French in the area of the attack became immediate suspects, that served as proof for the terrorist claim that racism--not "fraternity, liberty, equality"--was the value that drove French actions.
In the rivers of Vietnam, I learned to value outrage, because it reminded me I was still human, not yet numb to pain and horror. Rage was what I feared, for it could destroy the humanity I still cherished. Rage destroys our moral compass--and allows us to be manipulated by those who want us to lose our way.
Even without manipulation, it is difficult to maintain our values in the face of violence. "When you go to war," my Commanding Officer once said, "you fight two enemies, not one. The internal enemy is the animal within. Fight both enemies, or no one will know the players without a scorecard. Fight both, or we'll remember how to fight, but not what it was that we were fighting for."
Of course, war is not the same as peace. But war and peace can never be completely separate. Either we hold on to as many values as we can or our humanity dies even if our bodies survive. Today's military values force protection, hoping our troops will survive the battle. But we pray that not only our bodies survive unbroken.
Former prisoners of war learned the lesson of spiritual force protection. Others, like Victor Frankl, learned it in the death camps. Those who did not adapt did not last. But those who abandoned all values ultimately abandoned all hope, sometimes saving their lives at the cost of their minds--or their souls. The challenge was to avoid extremes, and--perhaps like Jacob wrestling with the angel--to struggle; to wrestle with faith and the future.
We must understand that our values are under attack because they are part of our strength. Terrorists fear our power, beginning with our image. For cynics, perception never matters--but Judaism values maarit ayin, how things look.
Terrorists try to destroy our values because we pose a threat to their vision of a world at war. In Beirut, I said that we Americans had the only interfaith foxholes in the Middle East. If the world had more interfaith foxholes, perhaps there would be less of a need altogether for foxholes.
The hard-boiled egg at the Pesach seder symbolizes our strength under pressure--the more the egg is cooked the harder it gets; the harder our times, the stronger we become. As Americans, we will find our strength during these hard times. As we pursue our response, we must maintain our outrage, acknowledging that some of our, or our enemy's, actions will never be acceptable. And we must fight the rage that distorts the importance of our own values.
Tradition teaches us that spilling drops of wine during the seder reminds us to refrain from rejoicing when our enemy suffers. We must embrace such traditions--and as Americans, we must find ways to incorporate such rituals into our lives.
A professor once told me, "just because there are no right answers does not mean that there are no wrong answers." Exactly what the rules should be as we respond to terrorism remains unclear. But we must, at least, understand the wrong answers of both extremes: all past rules remain unchanged, and in this fight, no rules apply at all. We must fight to keep our values, not for the sake of the enemy, but for our own sake.
We must fight this war against terrorism hard and we must fight smart. But through it all we must fight two enemies, not one. Limits must exist. And in the end we will know why we had to fight--and who we are when we come home.

Shma
December 2001
Rabbi Arnold E. Resnicoff
Chaplain, United States Navy (Retired)
www.resnicoff.net